5 More Physics Equations Everyone Should Know
On the right side, kB is called the Boltzman constant, and omega (Ω) is the number of possible “microstats”. Let me explain with an example: let’s say that I have four pieces and four people. How many different ways can I share these pieces? Well, two extreme cases would be that everyone gets a room or the four rooms go to one person. In total, there are 35 possible distributions. These are the microstats (Ω). You can therefore consider them as possible energy provisions among the particles while keeping the identical total energy.
If I drop a basketball ball, its potential gravitational energy decreases as it falls and its kinetic energy increases – total energy is preserved. But it does not bounce as high as it started. Indeed, a certain energy escapes in the form of heat on the impact. The ball warms up a bit. When we take this thermal energy into account, we note that energy is always preserved. But entropy is higher.
But if the ball had colder and bounced higher? This would mean that thermal energy is reduced and that kinetic energy increases. Energy always Be kept, but in this result, entropy is reduced. This is actually possible, but you can perform this experience until the end of time and never get this result.
Here is another fun example. Imagine putting ice in a glass of lukewarm water. Is it possible that water warms up and the ice cools? Again, the probability is not zero, but it is extremely improbable. Boltzmann’s formula says that the more possible microstats, the greater the entropy.
Ultimately, this leads to the second law of thermodynamics, which indicates that the total entropy of a closed system can only increase over time, or at least it can never decrease. So, as, your office will only disorder and more disorderly, unless you open this “system” and do “work” – which, do not forget, means adding energy. Unfortunately, the universe is a really isolated system, so it can only end a way – in the total loss of any structure and life.
4. Ohm law
With the kind permission of Rhett Allen
This equation is used in many of our modern devices because it deals with electricity. Ohm’s law gives a relationship between the change of potential electric energy (ΔV) through certain elements of a circuit and electric current (I) moving through this element. Because it is tiring to say “the change of electric potential”, we often call it “tension”, as it is measured in volts. The proportionality constant between the voltage and the current is called resistance (R)); Unsurprisingly, it is measured in Ohms units.
