Human mitotic spindles as active liquid crystals: From collective behaviors to discrete filaments

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 7, February 2026. <br/>SignificanceHuman mitotic spindles are composed of microtubules (MTs), which interact with each other via molecular motors and other proteins, and contact chromosomes by attaching to kinetochores. It remains unclear how these constituents self-organize …