What is a heat dome? Behind the hot and humid conditions
The dangerously warm and humid conditions are suffocating almost all of the United States easier this week, caused by a “heat dome” which is parked in certain parts of the country.
Thermal alerts were in effect on Wednesday for around 150 million people. Temperatures of more than 95 degrees Fahrenheit were widespread in the Ohio valley and through the east coast. The “extremely dangerous heat” should persist until Thursday, according to the National Weather Service.
But what is a heat dome, and why does the phenomenon cause oppressive heat?
A heat dome occurs when a high and persistent high pressure region is on the ground and traps the hot air, like a lid on a pot.
Heat domes are generally affected by the behavior of the Jet Stream, a rapidly evolving air ribbon in the atmosphere flowing from west to east in the northern hemisphere and affects meteorological systems.
The Jet Stream is powered by temperature differences between the cooler polar region to the north and the warmer air masses in the south. As the jet flow circulates around the planet, it can wave in places, creating hollows and ridges which often result in unusual weather conditions.
Some undulations can, for example, amplify cold shots. Others can move hot air to earth, explode heat and intensify humidity.
Heat domes can linger for days or weeks, supplying prolonged heat waves that can become deadly. Heat diseases and death can affect anyone of all ages, but children, people with pre -existing health problems and the elderly are particularly sensitive when temperatures increase.
Climate change also increases the frequency, intensity and duration of heat waves worldwide, have shown studies. The hottest 10 years on the planet since 1850 have all taken place over the past decade, according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
A certain relief is expected later this week in the Midwest and all over the east coast, but the heat and humidity should remain raised in the coming days.
