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James A. Estes: An ecologist’s quest to understand nature

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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 44, November 2025. <br/>For five decades, Jim A. Estes studied sea otters in the Aleutian archipelago of Alaska, discovering how otters structured entire communities. By consuming sea urchins, otters released kelp from herbivory, kelp beds flourished, and kelps sheltered a …

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