Origin and adaptive evolutionary trajectory of the 3′ UTR–derived sRNA UhpU in Enterobacteriaceae

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 49, December 2025. <br/>SignificanceSmall RNAs (sRNAs) derived from the 3′ untranslated regions (UTRs) of bacterial messenger RNAs (mRNAs) represent a secondary functional output of transcripts, yet their evolutionary origins and adaptive roles remain underexplored. This study …