Simulating human well-being with large language models: Systematic validation and misestimation across 64,000 individuals from 64 countries

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Number 48, December 2025.
Importance Governments and international organizations increasingly view subjective well-being as a fundamental measure of progress, but high-quality data remains expensive, uneven and rare. Large Language Models (LLM) have been proposed as scalable…