FDA investigated more than 30 outbreaks in 2025

This year, at least 33 foodborne illness outbreaks have been recorded across multiple states, with a total of 921 patients.

There may have been more outbreaks because the Food and Drug Administration and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention don’t always report all outbreaks. Additionally, there have likely been many more sick people than have been confirmed because many people do not seek medical treatment and those who do are not always tested for foodborne pathogens.

The CDC estimates that for every confirmed patient in a salmonella outbreak, 29 go undetected. For each patient confirmed in an outbreak of E. coli, there are probably more than 26 that are not detected.

In total, there have been 13 outbreaks from unidentified sources, sickening 339 people. The FDA has closed 20 outbreak investigations.

Highlights of some 2025 epidemics

An epidemic of infant botulism infections sickened 51 babies in 19 states from coast to coast. The outbreak has been attributed to ByHeart Infant Formula. The company recalled its entire formula and stopped production. Infections date back to December 2023, with the vast majority starting in August this year and continuing until the end of November. All 51 babies were hospitalized and many of them had to be put on ventilators. The investigation is ongoing.

For an epidemic of Salmonella Telelkébir traced to raw oystersThere are 64 people infected with the outbreak strain from 22 states as of December 23. The illnesses began between June 21 and November 28. Of the 44 people for whom information is available, 20 were hospitalized. No deaths have been reported. The FDA and CDC are working to determine if there is a single brand of oysters involved.

For an epidemic of Salmonella Richmond infections attributed to moringa leaf powder a total of 11 people were reported in seven states. The illnesses began between May 12 and September 4. Three of the patients were hospitalized. No deaths have been reported. The powder was imported from India and sold under four brands.

For an epidemic of Salmonella enteritidis infections linked to eggsthere have been 105 people infected in 14 states. The illnesses began between January 7 and August 14. There were 19 hospitalizations. No deaths have been reported. The outbreak strain of Salmonella has been traced to eggs from Country Eggs LLC. The company has recalled certain batches of its eggs.

For an epidemic of Salmonela Anatum infections whose source has been determined to be Deep brand frozen vegetables. The company has recalled the affected products. A total of 12 people infected with the outbreak strain of Salmonella have been reported in 11 states. The illness began between October 22, 2024 and August 5, 2025. Of nine people for whom information was available, four were hospitalized. No deaths have been reported.

For an epidemic of Listeria monocytogenes attributed to various brands of prepared mealsthere have been a total of 27 people infected with the outbreak strain from 18 states. Patients became ill from August 1, 2024 to October 16, 2025. Of the 26 people for whom information was available, 25 were hospitalized and 6 deaths were reported. An illness associated with pregnancy resulted in fetal loss. The meals were produced by Nate’s Fine Foods Inc. and were sold under several store brands, including Trader Joe’s, Kroger and Walmart. In total, there were nine recalls.

An epidemic of infections Salmonella Oranienburg related to Emek Pistachio Cream manufactured by Emek Dogal Saglik Urunleri Iklim Gida Insaat San Tic Ltd Sti in Türkiye, sickened four people from two states. On July 16, World Market issued a recall.

An epidemic of Salmonella enteritidis infections have been traced to free-range brown eggs and certified organic brown eggs eggs supplied by August Egg Company, of Hilmar, California. A total of 134 people infected with the outbreak strain of Salmonella have been reported in 10 states. There were 38 hospitalizations and one death. The company has recalled certain batches of its eggs.

For an epidemic of infections of Salmonella Montevideo the source has been attributed to cucumbers grown by Bedner Growers Inc., of Boynton Beach, FL, and distributed by Fresh Start Produce Sales Inc., of Delray, FL. There have been 69 people infected with the outbreak strain of Salmonella reported in 21 states. Bedner issued an encore. This was the second year in a row that the grower’s cucumbers were involved in an outbreak. Following the inspections, the FDA sent a warning letter to Bedner. The letter outlines violations of federal food safety laws.

An epidemic of Listeria monocytogenes infections have been attributed to ready-to-eat foodsprimarily sandwiches, produced by Fresh & Ready Foods LLC of San Fernando, California. It sickened 10 people in two states. All 10 patients required hospitalization and one died. The sick people became ill from December 3, 2023 to September 9, 2024. The FDA opened an investigation in 2025 after the outbreak strain was discovered at the production plant. The company issued a recall in May of this year. The FDA sent a warning letter to the company on November 15, 2025, describing problems at the production facility that constituted violations of federal food safety law.

For an epidemic of infections of Listeria monocytogenes traced to extra shakesthere were 42 confirmed patients from 21 states. All patients required hospitalization and 14 of them died. The shakes were sold under the Lyons ReadyCare and Sysco Imperial brands and were manufactured by Prairie Farms out of the Prairie Farms Dairy plant in Fort Wayne, Indiana. The company recalled its shakes.

An epidemic of infections Salmonella was traced back to mini pastries. Sweet Cream brand mini pastries have been recalled. A total of 18 people have been infected with the outbreak strain of Salmonella from seven states. At least one person was hospitalized. No deaths have been reported. A related outbreak has been reported in Canada. Pastries have also been recalled in this country.